Vigorously boost consumption and lead the development of new quality productivity with scientific and technological innovation... The Central Economic Work Conference has determined the key tasks to be grasped in 2025. One part of the deployment, nine parts of the implementation. Anchoring the development goals and focusing on social concerns, our reporter interviewed six ministries and commissions.

To promote the sustained recovery and improvement of the economy, what are the accessible policy measures to be introduced in the new year? Focusing on prominent issues, how to integrate resources and concentrate efforts and work in the same direction? Let us listen to the interpretations of the responsible persons of relevant departments and bureaus of the ministries and commissions.

--editor

National Development and Reform Commission—

Release policy effectiveness faster and more fully

Reporter Liu Zhiqiang of this newspaper

Reporter: What are the key aspects of macroeconomic policies in the new year?

Yuan Da, Deputy Secretary-General of the National Development and Reform Commission and Director of the National Economic Comprehensive Department: With the accelerated implementation of various decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, especially after the Central Political Bureau meeting on September 26 last year, the implementation of a package of incremental policies, Market expectations have effectively boosted, and economic operation has rebounded significantly.

The effect of the policies issued last year will continue to appear. There is still plenty of room for macro policies this year, and the means and experience of macro-control are richer, which can provide strong support for achieving the goals. The National Development and Reform Commission will work with relevant parties to conscientiously implement the decisions and deployments of the Central Economic Work Conference, implement more active and effective macro policies, strengthen policy coordination, enhance policy consistency, accelerate policy transmission and implementation, and release policies faster and more fully. efficacy.

Expand domestic demand in all aspects. Implement special actions to boost consumption, further improve investment efficiency, support the construction of the "two-fold" with greater efforts, and increase efforts to expand the implementation of the "two-new" policies.

Promote the implementation and effectiveness of landmark reform measures. Implement the national unified market construction guidelines, adjust and improve and dynamically update based on actual conditions; promote the issuance of the Private Economy Promotion Law.

Expand high-level opening up to the outside world. Expand independent opening up and unilateral opening up in an orderly manner, actively develop service trade, green trade, and digital trade, promote high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" and go deeper and more practical, and strive to stabilize foreign trade and foreign investment.

Promote the quality improvement and upgrading of key industries. Comprehensively rectify "intra-roll" competition, actively resolve the phased contradictions of oversupply in some industries, strive to improve the resilience and security level of the industrial chain and supply chain, and vigorously cultivate and strengthen future industries and emerging industries.

Increase efforts to ensure and improve people's livelihood. We will make greater efforts to stabilize employment, promote income growth, improve social security level, increase the quality supply of public services, and implement industrial, employment and other assistance policies.

Effectively prevent and resolve risks in key areas. Promote the real estate market to stop falling and stabilize, continue to boost the capital market, safely deal with the risks of local small and medium-sized financial institutions, and continue to strengthen the construction of security capabilities in the fields of food, energy resources, industrial chain and supply chain and data.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology—

Strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation

Our reporter Wang Zheng and Liu Wenxin

Reporter: Enterprise innovation requires support from funds, platforms, talents and other aspects. What measures will the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology take to enhance the motivation for enterprises to innovate?

Gan Xiaobin, Deputy Director of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to promote the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. We will start from encouraging increase investment in innovation, strengthening high-quality scientific and technological supply, building a common industrial technology platform, building a systematic scientific and technological achievement transformation mechanism, and vigorously cultivating innovative talents, and support enterprises to further strengthen their position as the main body of scientific and technological innovation.

Implement the policy of additional deduction for enterprise R&D expenses and guide enterprises to increase investment in innovation. Strengthen the leverage role of national industrial investment funds and drive social capital to invest early, small, long-term and hard technology. Expand the implementation of the special pilot project of "Integration of Science and Technology Industry Finance" to provide diversified relay financial services for technology-based enterprises.

Deeply implement the "hands-in-hand action" for integrating innovation in large, medium and small enterprises, guide enterprises to establish innovation alliances with universities and scientific research institutions, jointly carry out technological research and industrial application, and form a number of key core technologies and landmark products.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will support enterprises to take the lead or participate in the construction of industry common technology platforms such as manufacturing innovation centers, central testing and certification platforms, and industrial technology basic public service platforms to accelerate the pace of engineering, commercialization and industrialization of innovative results.

We must cultivate a number of high-level technology transfer institutions, build a high-quality entrepreneurial incubation service system, and implement the special action to empower small and medium-sized enterprises with scientific and technological achievements. Implement the manufacturing quality excellence project and the new industry standardization leading project to promote enterprise innovation with standards guidance and quality improvement.

In addition, we will implement the project to improve the quality of enterprise management talents in depth, organize and carry out the excellence engineer torch plan, manufacturing talent support plan, etc., and accelerate the cultivation of a large number of outstanding engineers, craftsmen of great power and more high-skilled talents.

Ministry of Transport—

Promote the continued decline in logistics costs

Our reporter Han Xin

Reporter: my country's logistics consumer market still has problems such as poor multimodal connection, insufficient comparative advantages of railway and water transportation, and poor liquidity of logistics data elements. How can the transportation industry make efforts to promote the continuous decline in logistics costs in the whole society?

Wang Xiuchun, deputy director of the Transport Service Department of the Ministry of Transport: The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to implement a special action to reduce logistics costs across the society. The "Action Plan for Reducing Costs, Improving Quality and Efficiency in Transportation Logistics" was issued, and implementation plans in various fields such as railway, road, water, aviation and postal were simultaneously launched, focusing on opening up traffic logistics jams and checkpoints, and deploying 18 key tasks. In the next step, we will make every effort to promote the special action of reducing costs, improving quality and increasing efficiency of transportation logistics, which is expected to reduce the logistics costs of the whole society by 300 billion yuan this year.

Focusing on "optimization", we will implement the key project of optimizing transportation structure. Promote the "road to rail" and "water" transportation of bulk goods in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mongolia, and Northeast China, and continuously increase the proportion of green collection and distribution of bulk goods at coastal ports. Implement railway freight network projects and promote the construction of key trunk railways and dedicated railway lines into Hong Kong. Promote the implementation of the inland water transport system connectivity project, and promote the expansion and upgrading of trunk channels such as the Yangtze River main line, the Xijiang shipping main line, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal.

Focus on "connection" and promote the "one order system" and "one box system" of multimodal transport. Promote the extension of railway port front stations and railway dedicated lines to port yards, and promote the sharing and sharing of key ports and railway yards. Improve the standards for multimodal transport data sharing and steadily promote the development and utilization of public data resources for transportation and logistics. Improve and perfect the multimodal transport management system and the "one order system" and "one box system" standards and specifications, and promote unified standards such as transfer and handover, cargo loading, and safety inspection of container rail-water transport.

Promote "integration" and promote the deep integration of transportation and logistics and industries. Focus on key industries such as advanced manufacturing and key raw materials, improve and perfect transportation and logistics service guarantee measures in "one industry, one policy"; improve the international logistics service guarantee system; promote "express delivery to factory" and service extension, and innovate new e-commerce logistics models.

Make efforts to "new" and accelerate the cultivation of new logistics integrators. Support transportation and logistics enterprises to innovate new models of coordinated development of supply chains, promote efficient integration of resources and factor sharing among upstream and downstream of the supply chain, logistics links, and transportation modes, and effectively enhance Logistics supply chain resilience and competitiveness.

Ministry of Commerce—

Expand the old-for-new policy

Our reporter Wang Ke

Reporter: In terms of vigorously boosting consumption, what measures will the Ministry of Commerce take this year?

Ministry of Commerce spokesperson He Yongqian: The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to vigorously boost consumption. Preliminary statistics show that in 2024, more than 6.8 million cars were traded for old-for-new cars nationwide, more than 36 million consumers purchased more than 56 million home appliances for 8 major categories of home appliances, "renewal" subsidy for home decoration, kitchen and bathrooms was about 60 million, and electric bicycles were traded for old-for-new products. 1.38 million vehicles. The old-for-new consumer goods drives sales of related products exceeding 1.3 trillion yuan.

It is expected that the consumer market will continue to show a steady growth trend this year. The Ministry of Commerce will promote special actions to boost consumption and continue to release consumption potential.

Increase efforts to implement the exchange of old consumer goods. Recently, the central government has issued an initial batch of 81 billion yuan in 2025 for consumer goods traded for new products. This year, we have increased our efforts to support the implementation details of the purchase subsidies for automobiles, home appliances, home decoration and electric bicycles for old-for-new purchases, and mobile phones and other digital products.

Expand service consumption. Implement the action to improve the quality of service consumption and benefit the people, and carry out service consumption promotion activities such as the "Service Consumption Season" and "Chinese Food Festival".

Innovatively hold consumption expansion activities. The time-honored carnival, online New Year’s goods festival and other activities have been launched, and consumption promotion activities such as the Consumption Promotion Month will be held.

Cultivate and expand new consumption. Guide local governments to develop the initial economy according to local conditions, vigorously develop digital consumption, green consumption, and healthy consumption, innovate diversified consumption scenarios, and actively cultivate new consumption growth points.

Optimize the consumption environment. Accelerate the cultivation of international consumption center cities and create a more friendly international consumption environment. Promote the transformation of facilities in pedestrian streets and business districts and upgrades business formats, focus on "one old and one young", and promote the construction of a convenient living circle for a quarter of an hour. Deeply implement the three-year county commerce action, promote the transformation and upgrading of "Thousands of Collections and Ten Thousands of Stores", and continuously facilitate consumption of urban and rural residents.

State Administration for Market Regulation—

Comprehensive rectification of "intra-roll" competition

Our reporter Lin Lili

Reporter: In order to protect the local market, support local enterprises, and protect local financial resources, some places implement limited transactions, treat local enterprises differently in bidding and government procurement, and conduct "intra-volume" investment promotion. How to rectify this phenomenon?

Ai Zezi Aili, deputy director of the Competition Policy Coordination Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation: "Intra-copy" investment promotion affects fair competition. The national unified market construction guidelines have been issued. Market supervision departments have established an anti-monopoly "three letters and one letter" system, and issue reminders and urge letters for those who abuse administrative power to exclude or restrict competition behaviors or fail to implement the fair competition review system; for suspected abuse of administrative power to exclude or restrict competition If the behavior or the implementation of the fair competition review system is not in place, causing public opinion or causing adverse effects, the head of the relevant unit may be interviewed and asked for improvement; if there is a abuse of administrative power to exclude or restrict competition, a case will be filed in accordance with the law and the specific The situation will be issued with administrative recommendations and the handling suggestions will be made.

The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to comprehensively rectify "internal" competition and standardize the behavior of local governments and enterprises. The Fair Competition Review Regulations require that policy measures shall not include 19 items that exclude or restrict competition in four aspects. Market supervision departments will strengthen source control of policy measures and effectively maintain a fair and just market environment.

Reporter: The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that it is necessary to coordinate the relationship between an effective market and an effective government to form an economic order that is both "relaxed" and "controlled". How to be both "relaxed" and "controlled"?

Zhou Weijun, deputy director of the Credit Supervision Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation and first-level inspector: Focusing on "relaxation", the market supervision department will implement a three-year action plan to deepen credit improvement to help improve the credit level of business entities. Continue to promote credit empowerment of the development and growth of the private economy, take multiple measures to optimize the credit environment, and fully stimulate the vitality of the private economy. Deepen credit repair services, promote coordinated, shared and mutual recognition of repair results, and support business entities to reshape credit with convenient and efficient. Implement annual report reform and innovation, establish and improve incentive mechanisms for trustworthiness, mark credibility information, promote and strengthen corporate credit alliances, and improve the sense of gain of trustworthy business entities.

Focusing on "control", we will build a full-chain and full-life cycle credit supervision system. Improve the new credit-based regulatory mechanism. Improve the systems such as compulsory disclosure of registered capital payment information and compulsory cancellation of company registration. Give full play to the role of the list of serious violations of laws and dishonest trust, and increase the intensity of punishment for dishonest trust. Comprehensively deepen dual random supervision, expand and deepen the use of credit risk classification management, and standardize administrative inspections involving enterprises.

State Administration for Financial Regulation—

Promote fast direct access to low-cost credit

Our reporter Qu Xinming

Reporter: Many small and micro enterprises still face problems such as difficulty, expensive and slow financing. What solutions are there?

Feng Yan, Deputy Director of the Inclusive Finance Department of the State Administration for Financial Regulation: The State Administration for Financial Regulation and the National Development and Reform Commission have taken the lead in establishing a coordination mechanism for supporting financing for small and micro enterprises. All localities have established working mechanisms accordingly, especially working groups in districts and counties, and organized the "Big Visit to Thousand Enterprises and Ten Thousand Households" activity to investigate the financing needs of small and micro enterprises. Comparing with standards such as compliance and continuous operation, fixed business premises, real financing needs, good credit status, and legal and compliant loan purposes, screen small and micro enterprises that meet the conditions, guide banks to accurately connect, and promote the rapid direct access of low-cost credit funds to small and micro enterprises.

District and county special teams strengthen communication with functional departments, carry out assistance to enterprises, help enterprises to repair credit, standardize financial management, collect payments, etc.

As of the end of December 2024, local governments have visited 40.073 million small and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households and other business entities based on the working mechanism, of which 4.842 million were included in the "application list" and 3.802 million were included in the "recommended list". Banks have added 7.2 trillion yuan in credit to the "recommended list" operating entities, issued 4.7 trillion yuan in new loans, and the average loan interest rate is 3.78%.

The policy of renewal of loans for small and medium-sized enterprises without repayment is accelerated to effectively alleviate the problem of fund continuation. Since the policy of renewal of loans without repayment has been optimized, the amount of loans renewal of small and micro enterprises without repayment has increased by 47% in the fourth quarter of 2024 compared with the same period last year.

In the next step, we must efficiently investigate the financing needs of small and micro enterprises in various industries and fields, and increase support for first loans, credit loans, and medium- and long-term loans. For small and micro enterprises that still have financing needs after the loan expires and temporarily have financial difficulties, they actively meet the needs of renewal loans without repayment.

Continuously improve the long-term mechanism for financial services for small and micro enterprises, regularly carry out supervision and evaluation of financial services for small and micro enterprises, guide banks to formulate and improve the implementation rules for due diligence exemption for inclusive credit, guide banks to increase credit issuance of small and micro enterprises, optimize credit business structure, and standardize service charges , establish and improve a long-term mechanism for daring to lend, willing to lend, able to lend, and able to lend.

Message board

It is recommended to simplify the administrative approval process, improve the enterprise service system, and provide enterprises with comprehensive services such as financing, market development, and technical support. Strengthen intellectual property protection and encourage enterprises to invest in innovation.

——Jilin netizens

It is hoped that policy publicity and interpretation work can be strengthened so that enterprises can fully understand the policy content and application process of supporting emerging industries. We should also improve the industrial monitoring and evaluation system, timely grasp the development trends and trends of emerging industries, and provide a basis for policy adjustments and optimization.

——Heilongjiang netizens

It is recommended to increase investment in logistics distribution infrastructure, promote intelligent and automated logistics technologies, and improve logistics distribution efficiency.

——Chongqing netizens

It is recommended to deepen the division of labor and cooperation between regions in the industrial chain, and form an industrial pattern of complementary advantages and coordinated development. This not only helps reduce production costs and enhance overall industrial competitiveness, but also promotes the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries toward high-end and intelligent directions.

——Shaanxi netizens

Support for science and technology-based enterprises should be increased, and science and technology project application, project funds, enterprise development support funds, etc. should be tilted towards science and technology-based enterprises; it is recommended to improve the efficiency of the support funds and preferential policies of science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and standardize science and technology projects and support funds. Wait for the application work.

——Ningxia netizens

(The above comments are excerpted from People's Daily's "People's Suggestions" and compiled by Peng Shuting)

This issue coordinates Jiang Xuejie

Data source National Bureau of Statistics, etc.

Typographic design Zhang Fangman

Integrated Media Cooperation People's Daily "Leadership Message Board"

"People's Daily" (Edit 03, February 7, 2025)