The "Selected Economic Works of Xi Jinping (Volume 1)" (hereinafter referred to as "Selected Literatures") published this year contains General Secretary Xi Jinping's most important and basic works on economic construction from November 2012 to December 2024. It has rich content, outstanding key points and lofty ideas. It includes both strategic planning at the overall level and practical requirements for a series of major economic issues. It provides authoritative textbooks for the whole Party and people of all ethnic groups in the country to thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping's Economic Thought. The vast majority of theoretical workers and workers in all fields of the economy should put the "Selected Works" into the entire theoretical system of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; to understand the new development of Marxism with the acceleration of changes over the past century, especially the coordinates of the new development of political economy; combine the historic achievements and historic changes in my country's economy in the new era, and deeply think and implement them in the great practice of promoting Chinese-style modernization.

1. Clearly outline the context and logic of the formation and development of Xi Jinping's economic thoughts

The overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes in the world that have not been seen in a century are the historical background of economic work in the new era. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, "We must dialectically understand and grasp the general trends at home and abroad, coordinate the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the great changes in the world that have not been seen in a century, deeply understand the new characteristics and requirements brought about by the development and changes of the main contradictions in our society, deeply understand the new contradictions and challenges brought about by the complex international environment, enhance the awareness of opportunities and risks, accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically, and actively seek change." In the historical development and transformation from standing up, becoming rich to becoming strong, the changes in the main contradictions in our society are historic changes that concern the overall situation. The main contradiction in society at present is the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced and inadequate development. The changes in the main contradiction in society are the main basis and important symbol for socialism with Chinese characteristics to enter a new era. General Secretary Xi Jinping deeply grasps the characteristics of the new era, anchors the mission and tasks of the new era, and puts forward new concepts, new ideas and strategies such as adapting to and leading the new normal of economic development, grasping the new development stage, implementing the new development concept, building a new development pattern, promoting the realization of high-quality development, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.

Looking back on the path my country's economic development has taken since the new era, understanding, adapting to and leading the new normal of economic development is the logical starting point. At the Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly discussed "how to view the new normal" and "how to do the new normal", and proposed that "it is necessary to accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, accelerate the adjustment of the economic structure, and accelerate the cultivation and formation of new growth momentums" and "completely abandon the idea of ​​using old thinking logic and methods to reproduce the idea of ​​high growth."

The new development concept is an important part of Xi Jinping's economic thought. In "Deeply Understanding the New Development Concept and Promoting Supply-Side Structural Reform", General Secretary Xi Jinping combined history and reality and some major issues to deeply explain the development concept of "innovation, coordination, greenness, openness and sharing" from a theoretical and macro perspective. The new development concept is distinctive problem-oriented, reflecting the organic unity of principles and methods, goals and means, overall situation and key points, and has found a breakthrough and created conditions for my country's economy and society to achieve high-quality development in the new era.

At present, my country has entered a new stage of development in the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country and marching towards the second centenary goal. Building a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the main body and the domestic and international circulations mutually promoting each other is a strategic measure to adapt to changes in my country's comparative advantages, reshape new competitive advantages, and firmly grasp the initiative in development. In "On Building a New Development Pattern", General Secretary Xi Jinping will accelerate the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, accelerate scientific and technological self-reliance, promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial chain and supply chain, promote agricultural and rural modernization, improve people's quality of life, and firmly guard the bottom line of safe development as important focus points to grasp the construction of a new development pattern. With the continuous advancement of building a new development pattern, the overall quality of my country's economy continues to improve, providing us with confidence and strength to deal with increasingly fierce and complex external risks and challenges.

Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the historical mission of the Chinese Communists, and building a modern socialist country in all respects is the goal that the Chinese Communists are striving to strive for. In "Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of a Powerful Country and the Great Cause of National Rejuvenation with Chinese Modernization", General Secretary Xi Jinping summarized the five aspects of the Chinese modernization's population, the common prosperity of all people, the coordination of material civilization and spiritual civilization, harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and the path of peaceful development. The profound interpretation and clear expression of Chinese-style modernization will enable us to embark on a path of modernization of a socialist power that more reflects the achievements of the development of contemporary human civilization, has more development quality and efficiency, and has more international appeal, and demonstrates the socialist China's clear understanding of the uniqueness and foothold of the development path.

China's development is an important variable in the changes in the contemporary international pattern, and the relationship between the world and China is no longer a simple relationship between influence and influence. Based on the profound changes in the world, national conditions and party conditions, General Secretary Xi Jinping has explored the common issues facing mankind from the connection and interaction between China and the world, and proposed the initiative of jointly building the "Belt and Road" as the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, and the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind. It is widely accepted by the international community with its realistic targetedness, ideological leadership and moral inspiration. The practical results continue to appear, pointing out the direction for the future development of mankind.

2. Deeply explain the latest achievements in the sinicization and modernization of Marxist political economy

Development is the first priority of the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country, and economic work is the Party’s central work. We must put a series of major theoretical innovations of our party in the new era to the height of enriching and developing contemporary Marxist political economy and promoting new development of scientific socialism. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on major theoretical issues such as the relationship between the government and the market, normative and guiding the healthy development of capital, and developing new quality productivity, reflect a distinctive sense of problem and innovative consciousness, and presents the latest achievements of the sinicization and modernization of Marxism with vivid examples.

The relationship between the government and the market has always been the core issue of my country's economic system reform. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee’s positioning of the market in resource allocation has changed from “basic” to “decisive”, reflecting a new breakthrough in our party’s understanding of the laws of socialist market economy construction. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed that "a high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization" and "we must better play the role of the market mechanism." At present, the construction of a unified national market is continuously advancing, the marketization level of various resource factors is constantly improving, and the role of an effective market and effective government is fully exerted, which has brought about improvement in development performance and demonstrated a good demonstration and driving effect.

How to correctly understand the characteristics and behavioral laws under the conditions of a socialist market economy, give full play to the positive role of capital as an important factor of production, and curb the negative effects that its profit-seeking nature may bring is a major theoretical and practical issue. In "Standard and guide the healthy development of my country's capital in accordance with the law and give full play to the positive role of capital as an important production factor", General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward systematic and comprehensive governance requirements for correctly handling capital and interest distribution issues, deepening capital market reform, standardizing and guiding capital development, and comprehensively improving the efficiency of capital governance, providing fundamental guidelines for capital governance to use its needs, promote its strengths, and suppress its shortcomings in the new era.

Marxism regards productivity as the most revolutionary force in promoting social change, and developing social productivity is the fundamental task of socialism. Based on a deep understanding and grasp of the evolution laws of productivity and production relations under the contemporary scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that "developing new quality productive forces is an inherent requirement and an important focus for promoting high-quality development." General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse on new quality productive forces has achieved the deepening and sublimation of the concept of high-quality development, and has innovated and enriched the Marxist theory of productivity under new historical conditions.

3. Freshly present the unique economic working methodological system of contemporary China

Engels once said, "Marx's entire worldview is not a doctrine, but a method. It provides not a ready-made dogma, but a starting point for further research and a method for this kind of research." The great achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics are not only due to mastering scientific theoretical weapons, but also based on China's national conditions, rooted in the land of China, and forming pragmatic and effective practical capabilities with Chinese characteristics. China's five-year plan formulation and implementation, the construction of special economic zones, and major reforms are all important practices with great Chinese characteristics. The achievements of poverty alleviation in the new era have been widely praised by the international community and have become a Chinese model for global poverty governance. These achievements and experiences vividly present the very distinctive economic working methodological system of contemporary China.

The historic achievements and historic changes in my country's economic development in the new era show that our party can not only understand the historical inevitability and grasp the laws of development, but also be more practical and creative. We must be good at looking at reality through history and essence through phenomena, and grasp the relationship between the overall and local, current and long-term, macro and micro, main contradictions and secondary contradictions, special and general. In "Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of a Powerful Country and the Great Cause of National Rejuvenation with Chinese Modernization", General Secretary Xi Jinping systematically discussed the need to handle the relationship between top-level design and practical exploration, strategy and strategy, integrity and innovation, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, self-reliance and self-improvement and opening up to the outside world.

"Wenxuan" deeply discusses the important real relationships such as "quality and quantity", "stability and progress", "supply and demand", "crisis and opportunity", "internal and external" in economic development in the new era. In terms of the relationship between "quality and quantity", we must "promote the economy to achieve effective quality improvement and reasonable quantitative growth." In the relationship between "stability and progress", it is proposed that "stability is the overall situation and foundation, and progress is the direction and driving force. "stability" and "stability" are dialectically unified and should be grasped as a whole. We must stabilize what should be stable, and we must advance to advance, and grasp the rhythm and intensity of the work." In the relationship between "supply and demand", we must "organize the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform" and "form a higher level of dynamic balance in which demand drives supply and supply creates demand." In the relationship between "crisis and opportunity", we must "create new opportunities in crises and create new situations in changing situations." In terms of "internal and external" relationship, "we must shape new advantages in my country's participation in international cooperation and competition, attach importance to using international circulation to improve the efficiency and level of domestic circulation, and improve the quality and allocation level of my country's production factors." These important statements grasp the essence of the problem, are easy to understand, and are important to do, and are of great guiding significance.

Use the Marxist political economy methodology to deepen your understanding of the laws of my country's economic development and improve your ability and level of leading economic development. In "On Building a New Development Pattern", General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that we should not only "work our best", strengthen strategic planning and top-level design, but also "partially divide it into the bottom" and grasp the focus of our work. The means are determined according to the purpose and play their functions under the constraints of the purpose. Pay attention to the mutual promotion, benign interaction, overall promotion, and key breakthroughs in all aspects to prevent new methods from being unable to be used, old methods do not work, hard methods dare not be used, and soft methods do not be used.

Poverty is an outstanding problem that plagues global development and governance. The key to poverty alleviation is precision and precision. In "Poverty Elimination Must take practical measures to achieve practical results", General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly stated that we should focus on solving four problems: the problem of "who to support", the problem of "who to support", the problem of "how to support", and the problem of "how to withdraw". China's poverty alleviation campaign has implemented the "six precisions" of support targets, project arrangements, fund use, measures to households, dispatching people according to villages, and poverty alleviation results. By introducing a series of policy measures, a complete set of effective policy systems, work systems, and institutional systems have been built, and a set of combined punches have been launched. China's poverty alleviation campaign has created the world's most exciting practical example of poverty reduction governance.

This year marks the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and all localities and departments are planning economic work during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. We must effectively strengthen the study of "Selected Works", adhere to the combination of theory and practice, and ensure that there is thinking in learning, understanding the truth with thoughts, guiding the truth with reason, and thinking again after acting, and effectively improve the political theory level and dialectical thinking ability of the whole party. Adhere to the needs, reality and the future, enhance the awareness, initiative and creativity of doing economic work in the new era, transform the study of "Wenxuan" into a powerful force to solve practical problems, innovate development methods, improve development performance, and promote high-quality development.

(Author: Xu Zhanchen, Director of the World Economic Research Department of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, Director of the Belt and Road Research Department, and Researcher)

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